The combined behavioural tendencies of predator and prey mediate the outcome of their interaction
جمعه , 25 مرداد 1392 ساعت 10:24 دسته بندی : علم زندگی ,دانلود مقاله :
The combined behavioural tendencies of predator and prey mediate the outcome of their interaction 2013
نویسندگان :
Nicholas DiRienzo , Jonathan N. Pruitt , Ann V. Hedrick
چکیده :
Consistent individual differences in behaviour are present in most animal populations. Historically, the
fitness consequences of behavioural types (e.g. bold and shy) have been investigated in one focal species
at a time. Studies generally disregard variation in heterospecifics that interact with those types. However,
intraspecific variation in behavioural types of multiple interactors could generate dependent effects of
behavioural type behavioural type in species interactions and might serve as a mechanism maintaining
phenotypic variation in wild populations. Here we examined how behavioural types of both predators
and prey jointly determine the outcome of a predatoreprey interaction using the black widow spider,
Latrodectus hesperus, and a syntopic field cricket, Gryllus integer. We assayed the antipredator (boldness)
behaviour of individual G. integer and the boldness during foraging site selection of individual L. hesperus,
as estimated by the spiders’ tendency to settle in safe versus high-risk foraging environments. The bestfit
models predicting prey survivorship and predator foraging success indicate that the behavioural
tendencies of both predator and prey, as well as the interaction between them, jointly affect the outcome
of staged predatoreprey interactions. These models boasted R2 values 3e10 times those of models that
considered behavioural type variation in either predator or prey alone. Our findings highlight the
importance of considering the behavioural types of multiple interactors when testing the effects of
behavioural types on species interactions and individual performance. More generally, our results
strongly suggest that attention should be paid to multiple interactors if we are to understand the outcomes
of species interactions.
?> animal personality behavioural syndrome black widow spider field cricket Gryllus integer intraspecific variation Latrodectus hesperus predatoreprey interactions trade off , دانلود مقاله کشاورزی , سایت دانلود مقالهمطالب مرتبط :
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